I. The Soviet Union Zrenovsk (ЗырÑновÑқий) mine section rock drilling stage mining method mining method mining column
The Zleinovsk mine in the Soviet Union is used to mine the lower ore-rich body of the open pit mine. The mine is filled with concrete after the mining method, and the pillar is filled with waste rock after the mining method in the staged rock drilling stage (Fig. 1).
FIG segment 1 with good drilling stage Soviet hereby Ivanov Lasker room mining ore mining stud
1—concrete filling body; 2—mine mining and mining; 3—waste filling
After the mine is filled with concrete for 30 to 40 days, the 60-105mm diameter fan-shaped blasthole is mined from the section roadway. The segment height is 8.5m. When arranged along the strike, the last row of blastholes is 1.5m from the concrete column. The amount of blasting explosives shall not exceed 250-500kg to avoid the bad concrete columns. Before filling the waste rock in the empty area, first fill the concrete with 3m height to facilitate the recovery of the bottom column. Mining process is not found concrete columns collapse, the individual pillars exposed area of 900m 2 also found no damage. Stope, labor productivity of workers face the pillar, respectively 4.45 m 3 / m 3 and 6.5 work shift / shift workers, prop consumption were 0.004m 3 / m 3 and 0.002m 3 / m 3.
Second, the Mount Isa mine section rock drilling stage mining room mining method mining column
Australia's Mount Isa mine (Mt.Isa) annual output of copper and lead-zinc ore of 800 million tons. The main ore body of No. 1100 has a daily output of 1.6 to 20,000 tons of ore, which is between 600 and 1000 m below the surface, 2500 m long, 300 m wide and 300 m thick. The ore is very stable, but the stability near the fault is poor. Dividing the mine pillars along the strike and vertical direction (Fig. 2). Among them, 1, 2 is the mining room of the first and second steps, and 3 is the mining column of the three-step mining. Room and pillar mining horizontal dimensions are 40 × 40m 2. The copper ore body is mined by the mining method in the staged rock drilling stage, and then filled with cement. The height of the poor section is 40m, and the thickness of the ore body is the height of the stope, which can reach 80~300m. Without leaving the top pillar, the bottom structure is placed in the lower rock.
Figure 2 1100 ore body "egg format" layout and pillar mining
The filling body is returned to the mining column after 12 weeks of maintenance. In 1979, the use of the sectioned rock drilling stage mining method back to the mining column was widely used, and the ore was placed under the filling rock. Since the depletion rate of the ore discharge under the filling is larger than expected, under the condition that the height of the stope is slightly lower, the pillar recovery is changed to a scheme of once collapsed into the compensation space and filled after the ore is discharged in the empty field.
In the pillar, about 25% to 30% of the compensation space is formed. According to the boundary conditions of the pillars of different sections, the cutting patio, the cutting slot and the blasting sequence should be arranged. The basic principle is that the filling body cannot be cut close to the filling body. Slot and compensation space. Its specific arrangement is shown in Figure 3.
Figure 3 Compensation space position and blasting sequence of pillar mining
A—four sides are filling bodies; b—two sides are filling bodies; c—two-sided filling body multi-compensation space blasting; d—four corners are filling bodies;
E—three sides are filling bodies; CRF—waste stone cementation filling; UCRF—waste stone filling; 1—cutting the patio;
2—rock drilling roadway; 3—cutting tank hole; 4—recovering blasthole; 5—blasting direction and sequence
In the first step, the cutting patio is generally arranged at a corner of the stope and then expanded into a cutting slot. In the second step, the cutting groove is arranged in the middle of the stop due to the contact of the four corners with the filling body. The two or three sides are filled pillars, and the cutting patio is divided into two to three sections, each of which is grooved and forms a compensation space and then blasted.
The maximum collapse of a pillar is as high as 1.3 million tons. The practice of the mine shows that the strength and self-standing of the filling body are excellent, and the exposed surface height can reach 200m.
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