Study on Cold Resistance of Rice by Artificial Climate Chamber

The effects of low temperature and lack of light on the growth and development of rice are significant, which can lead to poor germination, rot, poor seedling growth, reproductive atrophy, leaf atrophy, apical spikelet degradation, and delayed growth period. Cold damage such as poor breeding and maturation eventually leads to reduced yields. Some varieties are sensitive to low temperatures throughout their growing period; some varieties are only cold during some growth periods; some also have cold tolerance throughout the growing season. The artificial climate box can simulate the climate characteristics to provide a research environment for the growth and development of rice and promote the progress of rice research.

The seeds were disinfected with 70% ethanol for 1 min, rinsed with distilled water, and soaked for 1 d. Each variety was selected for 60 seeds in a diameter of 9 cm and placed in a 15°C artificial climate box for 15 days. At the same time set the normal temperature control. Measured index: germination rate /% = number of germinated grains / total number of test grains × 100. Three-leaf-age seedlings grown at room temperature were placed in an artificial climate chamber at 5°C, relative humidity: 70% to 80%, light intensity: 20,000 to 30,000 lx, 12 hours, treated for 7 days, and recovered at room temperature for 6 days. According to the chilling grading standard at seedling stage, the indexes for determining the cold tolerance of rice were determined. The varieties are planted in plastic pots with a diameter of 13.5 cm and a height of 11.5 cm after cultivation in the greenhouse at the age of 3 leaves. Each pot has 3 holes and 3 for each hole. Six pots of each variety were transplanted. The plastic pots were planted in the paddy fields and the water surface was not over the pots. Three pots were treated at low temperature during the booting stage and three pots were used as controls. The low-temperature treatment conditions were: artificial climate box treatment at 15°C, relative humidity 80%, light intensity: 10,000 lx, and processing time 7 days. The indicators include plant height, grain weight per plant, seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight in mature rice.

Through the artificial climate box, different temperatures of different rice varieties were treated at low temperatures. The results showed that there were differences in the response of the varieties to low temperature, and the cold tolerance of the same variety at different growth stages was different. The comprehensive test results showed that the tested varieties of Yuyu 131 and Longjing 29 had relatively strong cold tolerance at the bud stage, seedling stage and booting stage.


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