Carbon dioxide detector related design analysis

August 23 13:03:44, 2019

The key to the success of the earthquake rescue operation is whether it can find survivors in time. In the narrow space of earthquake ruins, the carbon dioxide exhaled by survivors is enriched, and survivors can be searched through the CO2 volume fraction test. To this end, a carbon dioxide detection device designed for use on the site of a rubble was designed. Currently widely used carbon dioxide sensors include solid electrolyte sensors, infrared sensors, and the like. The solid electrolyte carbon dioxide sensor is a hybrid type carbon dioxide sensitive element with a built-in thermistor. Its advantages are small size and insensitivity to environmental temperature and humidity. The disadvantage is that it takes a long time to warm up, and it usually takes 2 hours to reach stability. Therefore, it is not suitable for equipment that works in the field. The CO2 detector uses a non-dispersive infrared carbon dioxide sensor with no moving parts inside and no chemical reaction in the measurement process. The sensor has the characteristics of wide measurement range, high sensitivity, fast response time, good selectivity, and strong anti-interference ability.

Carbon dioxide detector MCU control software using modular design, using C language, the main program flow chart. First initialize the system configuration, serial port 1 receives the output of the CO2 module, and serial port 2 sends the display data. Press the key to enter the altitude, the table value method to obtain the pressure value. A single serial bus reads the temperature value measured by the DS18B20, and the microcontroller ADC0 reads the battery voltage. Read the CO2 volume fraction value and send it to the screen for temperature and pressure correction. The pressure correction relationship is based on 1013 hPa, with 0.1% increase in measured value per 1hPa, 0.1% less measurement value per 1hPa reduction; temperature correction relationship is measured at 22°C, and is increased by 1°C. The measured value is reduced by 20×10-6, and the measured value is increased by 20×10-6 for each decrease of 1°C. The corrected measurement result is compared with the preset value. If the carbon dioxide volume fraction is higher than the preset standard, it indicates that there may be survivors. The system will issue a sound and light alarm. Otherwise, it will enter the loop detection.

The repeatability of this CO2 detector is 0.6%, and the uncertainty is 1.5%. It has been used in survivor search simulations. In the experiment, a subject entered a narrow space of about 6m3, the space ventilation area was about 0.02m2, the wind speed at the ventilation was 0.2m/s, and the volume of carbon dioxide outside the space was 800×10-6. The volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the space varied. Figure 5. Experiments have shown that the respiration of survivors in a narrow space can increase the volume fraction of carbon dioxide in the space.

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