Two key technical issues of artificial climate incubators

Artificial climate incubators can be programmed to control the temperature, humidity, and light in the enclosure to create an environment that rarely occurs in nature, which is often referred to as an ideal laboratory environment. In this environment, the plants and crops are cultivated, and some changes in the growth and development and the required conditions are observed.

1. How do artificial climate incubators allow crops to absorb the required light source

A 300-760 nm visible spectrum in the solar spectrum. Ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 300 nm to 400 nm facilitates thickening of plants and inhibits plant growth. Languang, with a wavelength of 400-490 nm, is a spectral band absorbed by the dental chloroplasts, closely related to the photosynthesis of plants. Relevant, and can prevent yellowing of plants and growth of clustered leaves; waves of a long 490-595 nm green-yellow light, have a certain weakening effect on photosynthesis, no significant impact on plant growth and development; 595 a positive o nano- The orange-red light is the largest absorption band of the plant chloroplast, which is directly related to the formation of chloroplasts and the growth of leaves. It is also very important for the formation of fleshy root bulbs. Wavelength 760-100. Nano-infrared light, the plant absorbs little, can increase the dry weight of the plant, but it inhibits the increase in the dry weight of corn, tomatoes, and flax; far-infrared light at wavelengths above 1000 nanometers is absorbed by plants and becomes heat release. Knowing the range of solar spectrum required by plants, we can select suitable artificial electric light sources. At present, there are four types of electric light sources available in artificial climate incubators.

An incandescent lamp made of incandescent filaments emits a large amount of infrared rays, and the proportion of visible light is less than 25% of the emission power. Infrared light emitted from incandescent lamps is beneficial to plant growth and has become an infra-red in artificial climate incubators. Light electric light source.

Phosphor lamps with different phosphors can provide different emission spectra. Commonly used fluorescent lamps use mercury vapor to generate long wavelengths of excitation phosphors, which form an emission spectrum. Fluorescent lamps emit higher visible light than incandescent lamps. In recent years, high-output lamps have been produced with tube ratios of 2 meters and 200 watts, and the emitted light intensity has increased, but the emitted infrared light is still very little. In addition, the light intensity of the fluorescent lamp is a function of the lamp wall temperature because the lamp wall temperature affects the mercury vapor pressure and luminescence. effectiveness. In the artificial climate incubator (box), the lamp is isolated from the growth chamber, and the temperature of the lamp chamber is individually controlled to increase the light intensity.

The Xenon lamp is an arc discharge lamp filled with Xenon gas in a quartz tube. It emits luminous flux of hundreds of thousands of lumens. The luminous intensity is several hundred times higher than that of a fluorescent lamp. It emits continuous spectrum. The spectrum is similar to the solar spectrum. The advantages are high power, good light quality, long life, and convenient use. The disadvantage is that the cost is expensive. It needs to be equipped with a purifying cooling water circulation system. Infrared and far infrared rays are about 60% higher than the solar spectrum. At present, the use of high silica glass can remove approximately 50% of infrared and far infrared rays of nitrogen lamps.

The halogenated lamp emits a continuous spectrum with high emission efficiency. The blue and red spectrum is weaker than the solar spectrum. Increasing the blue fluorescent lamp can make the spectrum of the halogenated lamp similar to the solar spectrum. The halogenated lamp emits lower heat than the xenon lamp and is under high light intensity. When the power of the halogenated lamp is large, the heat dissipation technology of the halogenated lamp is still worth considering. The foreign tin halide lamps combined with a certain number of long-color high-output fluorescent lamps have reached the same spectrum as the sun, but still need to use the ceiling method to remove the lamps. Heat.

In summary, the luminescent lamp and the halogenated halogen lamp have strong light and good light quality and can be used in an artificial climate incubator (box).

Electric light sources are currently an important factor restricting the development of artificial climate incubators, because high light intensity brings about a lot of heat, and it is necessary to increase the cooling capacity to eliminate the exotherm of lamps in order to control the temperature inside the artificial climate incubator (box). From the light intensity required by plants, the Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology uses artificial climate incubators with long arc lamps, 6,000 watts per lamp, four lamps with illuminance of 30,000 meters, rice, wheat, cotton, soybeans, corn and tomatoes. Plants such as cucumber, tobacco, etc. can grow normally. From seeds to seeds, 30,000 meters of candle light can be used without having to pursue strong illumination to reduce cooling capacity.

2. How artificial climate incubator regulates indoor temperature

When the growth room needs high light intensity, the heat emitted by the light source must be removed by cooling. There are two ways to remove heat: one is to set the glass ceiling, the ceiling is above the light room, and the light room uses the ventilation method to remove the light source heat; the second is to directly reduce The heat of the light source uses the purified cooling circulating water to take away the heat of the light source.

In an artificial climate incubator made of glass or plastic for large-scale production, the important problem currently exists is the problem of cooling equipment. Research should be strengthened from the aspect of solar refrigeration, and new technologies should be properly introduced.

Other related instruments: Light incubator

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