Why are local technologies taken over by foreign countries?

Recently, China’s independent innovation and research and development of the “Rapeseed Seedling Transplanting Machine and Seedling Technology” has been transferred to Japan Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Yangma Headquarters”) at a high price of RMB 4 million to create China’s agricultural machinery. The amount of technology transfer in the industry has reached a new high, realizing the “reverse” transfer of China's agricultural machinery independent innovation technology. What is the story behind this?

Does this technology have a "magic"?

China is a big country in the production and consumption of rapeseed. The annual planting area is more than 100 million mu and the total output is more than 14 million tons, ranking first in the world. The rapeseed planting area in the oil-rice rotation area of ​​the Yangtze River Basin in China accounts for more than 80% of the total area. Due to the impact of rotation, the direct production of rapeseed is low, the labor intensity of artificial transplanting is large, and the production efficiency is low. The existing dryland transplanting machine has low operation efficiency, high requirements on soil conditions, and is not suitable for transplanting in the field.

The lack of rapeseed transplanting machinery and low performance have become the bottleneck restricting the development of rapeseed production in China. According to this development status, the researcher of the Institute of Agricultural Mechanization of the Ministry of Agriculture, Wu Chongyou, and the professor of Yangzhou University, and the team's technical route combining agricultural machinery and agronomy Change the seedlings into small seedlings, improve the coordination between seedlings and machines, change the field seedlings into standardized blanket seedlings, and jointly develop the “high-speed cutting and transplanting equipment and seedling technology of rapeseed-like seedlings” with independent intellectual property rights. .

“The rapeseed-like seedling transplanting machine has broken through the tradition of relying on the ploughing and loosening of the soil to ditch or punch a hole, and through the artificial feeding of the seedlings, the soil-removing mechanism and the seedlings to achieve the transplanting operation of the rapeseed transplanting concept, creating a carpet-like cultivation The new method of transplanting seedlings, cutting and forming, and transplanting the cuttings.” Speaking of the transplanting machine, Wu Chongyou talked, “through the seedling-sending seedling-planting integrated design, the planting efficiency was greatly improved. It overcomes the bottleneck of the efficiency of artificial seedling feeding by the existing semi-automatic transplanting machine, and realizes the automatic planting of rapeseed. The working efficiency is more than 60 times of manual transplanting and 13 times of chain clamp transplanting machine, the actual operation of the whole machine The efficiency has reached 5-8 mu / hour, and the main performance indicators have reached the international leading level. In the past two years, demonstrations have been carried out in the rapeseed production areas such as Jiangsu and Hubei, and high yield and good results have been achieved."

According to reports, the rapeseed blanket seed transplanting machine has a modular design, which can replace the planting parts according to the water and dry transplanting modes to realize a dual-purpose machine; the hydraulic driven corrugated disc designed for transplanting in dry land Ditching device can complete the function of breaking and slitting at the same time; the soil-reducing mechanism adopts V-shaped wheel narrow-plate repression, covering soil and other techniques, effectively overcomes two major obstacles: high quality requirements for land preparation and low efficiency of machine operation in dryland transplanting. High speed operation.

Japanese giants look at China?

The technical advantage is obvious. Chinese local enterprises should have “get the moon first” and why did they spend it in Japan?

Wu Chongyou told reporters about the cooperation with the Yanmar headquarters: the rapeseed blanket transplanting technology was researched in 2010. Because Yanmar's rice transplanter technology is very advanced, the research team used their rice transplanter chassis during research and development. From this point on, the Yanmar headquarters has been paying attention to the progress of the team's research and development. "At the time, Wuxi Yangma did not have the intention to cooperate with us. Instead, they reported the matter to the Yanmar headquarters. I did not expect the headquarters to be very interested and hope to reach a cooperation." Wu Chongyou said that from negotiation to signing, the whole process lasted for one year. “Yangma Headquarters attaches great importance to this project and spent a lot of time doing market research. It has observed field trials in Sichuan, Hubei, Jiangxi and other places, and then reports to the headquarters from the Chinese branch through procedures. After each round of negotiations, both parties will If the appeal is inconsistent, report to the headquarters, receive feedback, and continue to advance until the price and authorization authority are agreed upon, and then the representative of the Chinese branch is entrusted to sign the cooperation contract."

The technology transfer contract signed with Japan's Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd. recently stipulated that by the end of December 2020, the Japanese Yanmar headquarters had the authorization to use the rapeseed-like seedling transplanting machine and seedling technology, and many related to this technology. Authorization. Yanmar Headquarters has authorized Yanma Agricultural Machinery (China) Co., Ltd. to implement this technology. This year, Yanmar China Branch will test and verify this technology, and next year it is expected to be put into production in small quantities.

After the contract was signed, Mr. Ueda, the general manager of Yanma Agricultural Machinery (China) Co., Ltd. expressed their original intention to introduce this technology actively: “China is a big country in the production and consumption of rapeseed, and the cultivation of rapeseed has not yet been mechanized, and the technical space is huge. The Chinese government has vigorously Promoting the development of mechanization, there is policy support, and the headquarters has high hopes for this technology covering the use of vegetable mechanization in rapeseed and other fields."

What are the implications for the agricultural machinery industry?

The R&D team is very glorious in the highly developed Japanese vegetable mechanization field. It is understood that China's independent innovation and research and development of agricultural machinery technology has come out, there have been few cases before.

“In colleges and universities, it is not uncommon to export scientific research results and eventually transform them into products. However, agriculture is particularly rare, and agricultural machinery and agronomy is even rarer.” Professor Yang Suohu of Yangzhou University said.

“We have taken the initiative to contact enterprises in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hunan and other places to introduce this technology to them through strategic seminars, live demonstrations, etc., but the results are verbally good, but no one really talks about cooperation. It is a common problem for most enterprises in China to pay less attention to technological innovation. "The rapeseed wall outside the wall is fragrant, Wu Chongyou is very sorry for the lack of attention of domestic enterprises. "I hope that enterprises can come up with energy and funds to engage in innovative research and development. Insufficient protection of intellectual property rights has led some companies to get used to shortcuts, but in the end, they will suffer losses in development."

How to treat the agricultural machinery industry? “Very rare!” Ning Xuegui, deputy secretary general of China Agricultural Machinery Industry Association, told reporters that “in recent years, foreign companies have been very rare in buying China. We have been talking about innovation and development, and the innovation of enterprises and universities is very strong. From the perspective of enterprises, more is how to improve product quality; large tractors, harvesters, etc. are mainly mainly in the digestion and absorption, and the research and development of the weak links in China's unique agronomic production conditions have been successful. The transfer incident has released important signals for us. Our technology has been valued by foreign countries. On the one hand, it means that the research level and innovation ability of Chinese enterprises, colleges and universities, research institutes are improving, and on the other hand, it is also for Chinese enterprises. Passing a message, as long as it is aimed at the market and demand, it is difficult to solve problems, and enterprise R&D still has a lot to do, and it can have both social and economic benefits."

Wu Chongyou revealed that at present, the team of Nanjing Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute and Yangzhou University continue to develop technologies related to rapeseed transplanting, hoping to continue to deepen the promotion and add technological power to China's independent research and development results. At the same time, vegetable harvesting and segment harvesting are also actively exploring with Starlight Agricultural Machinery Co., Ltd.

(Original title: Independent innovation technology is bought abroad?

Rapeseed seedling transplanting machine and seedling technology behind the "reverse" transfer)